Assignment 2Instructions:Assignment 2 (20%) requires that you present to the class for group discussion based on area of International HRM of current interest. You will need to undertake background research using quality academic sources and critically evaluate each source.Assignment 2 provides you with the opportunity to explore in-depth an area of HRM or IHRM of current interest for presentation and discussion. You will need to incorporate appropriate theoretical models and approaches taught in this unit and undertake further literature searches of quality academic sources to inform your chosen phenomenon. An attempt at critical evaluation of sources is expected. Your choice might relate to any appropriate area of HRM or IHRM and, although this is likely to be at a functional or operational level, implications of alignment (or possibly a lack of) with vision, mission and strategy should be considered. For example, you might have noticed an HRM/IHRM issue of interest in your place of work, a problem that needs investigating. Has something in the national/international press appropriate to HRM attracted your attention? Is there a problematic issue related to the cross-cultural transfer of HRM practices? Alternatively, is there a problem or issue in another area of HRM/IHRM that you are interested in exploring further? At level 3 you are required to undertake an in-depth research investigation and this assignment might usefully start to inform and develop your ideas.1. Identify a phenomenon of interest to HRM or International HRM2. Apply appropriate theoretical models and/or approaches that have been covered in this unit to critically analyse your chosen phenomenon.3. Undertake searches using quality academic literature sources to inform your ideas. Try to be critical.4. Prepare a short (10 minute) Power Point presentation to stimulate discussion in the class.5. Prepare a written paper (1500 words) for formal hand-in of the assignment by...
Friday, October 10, 2014
The assignment need 2500 words. Can I have it this Friday Sep 12?
calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms preset in 1.2 g of ethanol (C2H6O). Answer in units...
Compute for each year the accounts receivable turnover. At the end of 2013, accounts receivable...
A seven-year medical research study reported that women whose mothers took the drug
hi i need your help to do my assignment which will due after 3 days from now which is 10 of...
Lab 2 – Create Relative/Binary File from Sequential File – 50 Points Due: September 12, 2014 by 11:55PM via Sakai Write a complete program using the provided stubs to change the given sequential file into a relative/binary file and also create the two indexes for accessing the data. The provided stubs are: 1) Create primary key array (to be written as a sequential file) 2) Create secondary key array (to be written as a sequential file) 3) Class for relative/binary file and fields The initial primary index will have two fields, one for the key and one for the tag field from the binary file, while the initial secondary index will have two fields, one for the key and an array for the tag fields (for possible duplicates). The secondary key will have at most 10 duplicates or array[11] (we will use the zeroth row for storing the number of possible duplicates).
Two identical spheres are each attached to silk threads of length L= 0.500 m and hung from a...
Thermodynamics assingment
It is one page assignment contain calculation and explanations parts, A hand written answers with neat sketch should be scanned and submitted in pdf format only,find in the attachment the assignment file
and also I attached an example for this assignment but please do not copy from the example that I send
ASSIGNMENT-2 Due: 12th SEPT 2014 SEM314 PRINCIPLES OF THERMODYNAMICS (T2, 2014) Assignment – 2(10% of the total assessment of the unit) Instructions: Submit a hand written assignment on or before 12th SEPTMBER 2014 in DSO drop-box only; Provide a neat sketch where required; The filename must be your name only (“subrat-das.pdf”) 1 A Geelong Auto-mobile engineer claims to have designed an engine that takes in 105e3 kJ at a temperature of 400 K, rejects 42e3 kJ at a temperature of 200 K, and delivers 16 kWh of mechanical work. Would you advise investing money to put this engine in the market? Explain 2 A heat engine (HE) of 35% thermal efficiency is used to drive a refrigerator having a COP of 4, what is the heat input into the engine for each MJ removed from the cold body by the refrigerator? If this system is used as a heat pump, how many MJ of heat would be available for heating for each MJ of heat input to the engine? 3 A heat-engine (HE) and a heat pump (HE) works in particular arrangement (as shown below). The heat transfers from the HE and from the HP are used to heat the water of a multi-storied building. The efficiency of the heat engine is 27% and the COP of the heat pump is 4. Evaluate the ratio of the heat transfer to the circulating water to the heat transfer to the heat engine. 4 Explain why entropy is measure of disorder.
________________ in capital goods, then, is an activity that requires a vision of how...
system analysis PG
You are required to analyse the effectiveness of the Qantas Online Air Ticketing system. To do this you are required to employ at least two data gathering techniques, one of which must be observation. You will need to research the existing online ticketing system and other information you can find about the airline. You also need to observe how at least three (3) users interact with the system. Suppose the 3 users want to travel to different cities. You need to script two or more scenarios for these users, and then observe their interaction. For instance, two possible scenarios might be as follows:
(A) You want to travel to the Whitsundays next Friday. Before reserving your seat, you want to be sure that you can finish packing without rushing it, and reach the airport on time. You therefore want to find out when your flight is departing on that day.
(B) You want to check-in online, so that you don’t have to queue at the airport, but can go straight to the boarding gates. Without going through to finalising the payment, see if your participants can check-in.
Amongst the information sought are answers to the following questions.
Questions you need to address are:
1. What are the major business objectives and processes (operations) that the airline company carries out?
2. List the information systems and subsystems that are used to support their portal and describe how they are related to the overall business objectives and processes.
3. Detail the scenarios you developed and how the users you observed interacted with the system, when carrying out the tasks of those scenarios.
4. Recommend improvements to the system and describe the analytic consequences. For instance, not all airlines provide systems for online check-in. If the company were to add such functionality, what do the analysts need to consider?
5. Describe the stakeholders involved. Who are they? Why do analysts need to consider their interests?
6. Discuss, in detail, the data collection techniques you used to answer the above questions.
7. Develop a high level DFD and domain model class diagram for the online booking system.
RationaleThis assessment task covers topics 1 to 8 and has been designed to ensure that you are engaging with the subject content on a regular basis. More specifically it seeks to assess your ability to:
- develop and test your skill to research the role of information systems in solving business problems
- describe the purpose of systems analysis and design in the development of information systems and identify the list of stakeholders
- identify some data gathering techniques you will also learn about the role of the system analyst in the development of information systems.
A block of mass 3.5 kg is initially at rest on a wedge of mass 20 kg, height 0.30 m, and an incline...
A block of mass 3.5 kg is initially at rest on a wedge of mass 20 kg, height 0.30 m, and an incline angle of θ =35° as shown in Figure P7.60. There is no friction between the wedge and the floor. Starting at the top of the incline, the block is released and slides toward the bottom of the wedge. At the same time, the wedge “recoils” and slides some distance L to the right. Find L when the block has reached the bottom of the wedge
.
Figure P7.60
Thermodynamics assingment
It is one page assignment contain calculation and explanations parts, A hand written answers with neat sketch should be scanned and submitted in pdf format only,find in the attachment the assignment file
and also I attached an example for this assignment but please do not copy from the example that I send
ASSIGNMENT-2 Due: 12th SEPT 2014 SEM314 PRINCIPLES OF THERMODYNAMICS (T2, 2014) Assignment – 2(10% of the total assessment of the unit) Instructions: Submit a hand written assignment on or before 12th SEPTMBER 2014 in DSO drop-box only; Provide a neat sketch where required; The filename must be your name only (“subrat-das.pdf”) 1 A Geelong Auto-mobile engineer claims to have designed an engine that takes in 105e3 kJ at a temperature of 400 K, rejects 42e3 kJ at a temperature of 200 K, and delivers 16 kWh of mechanical work. Would you advise investing money to put this engine in the market? Explain 2 A heat engine (HE) of 35% thermal efficiency is used to drive a refrigerator having a COP of 4, what is the heat input into the engine for each MJ removed from the cold body by the refrigerator? If this system is used as a heat pump, how many MJ of heat would be available for heating for each MJ of heat input to the engine? 3 A heat-engine (HE) and a heat pump (HE) works in particular arrangement (as shown below). The heat transfers from the HE and from the HP are used to heat the water of a multi-storied building. The efficiency of the heat engine is 27% and the COP of the heat pump is 4. Evaluate the ratio of the heat transfer to the circulating water to the heat transfer to the heat engine. 4 Explain why entropy is measure of disorder.
The particles in Figure P7.21 (m 1 =1.5 kg and m 2 =3.5 kg) undergo an elastic collision in one...
The particles in Figure P7.21 (m1 =1.5 kg and m2 =3.5 kg) undergo an elastic collision in one dimension. Their velocities before the collision are v1i =12 m/s and v2i = -7.5 m/s. Find the velocities of the two particles after the collision.
Figure P7.21
Name and describe the four product/market expansion grid strategies and explain which strategy...
assignment
(1)Understand the case study by assessing the key academic literature within the field of Marketing Strategy related to the case study (2) Capacity to critically analyse theories that might inform the case. You will need to include in your assessment, at least, 10 academic references from textbook and journal articles. You must include 2 sources from marketing strategy books, 4 journal articles discussing marketing strategies theories, 2 other journals articles offering a new approach to marketing strategy and two examples that might support the case discussion.Prepare a short written report outlining your recommendations. Refer to the specific objectives of the assessment.The assignment should be between 1,500-2000 words and should be completed individually
i need the answer for those 2 question??
1. Why it is necessary to meet the designated timeline for preparing and submitting the reports such as BUSINESS ACTIVITYSTATEMENT(BAS)?
2. Iif you are tasked with maintaining financial records for a company what are the organisation requirements that you should consider?
DIPLOMA OF ACCOUNTINGWhy it is necessary to meet the designated timeline for preparing and submitting the reports such as BUSINESS ACTIVITYSTATEMENT(BAS)?Iif you are tasked with maintaining financial records for a company what are the organisation requirements that you should consider?
how do the mission and vision statements relate to the eight characteristics of an ideal mission...
Calculate the average force exerted on the passenger’s head coming to rest for the case (a) when it...
Concerning air bags and impulse for a car colliding with a tree. The car’s velocity of 40 mi/h is reduced to zero very quickly, but the head of a passenger is still moving at 40 mi/h (about 18 m/s). Calculate the average force exerted on the passenger’s head coming to rest for the case (a) when it is stopped by the dashboard in 5.0 ms and (b) when it is stopped by an air bag that compresses in 45 ms. (c) Air bags must deploy quickly. If the distance between the passenger’s head and the dashboard is 60 cm and it takes the air bag 45 ms to safely bring the passenger to rest, how much time is there for the air bag to inflate?
A projectile of mass 10 kg is launched at an angle of 55° and an initial speed of 87 m/s .Just as...
A projectile of mass 10 kg is launched at an angle of 55° and an initial speed of 87 m/s .Just as the object reaches the maximum height in its trajectory, a small explosion along the horizontal blows off the projectile’s back portion equal to one fourth its original mass. The smaller piece lands exactly at the launch point as shown in Figure P7.65. How far from the launch point does the larger portion land?
Figure P7.65
A tennis ball of mass 0.12 kg is dropped vertically onto a hard concrete floor from a height of 1.5...
1. A tennis ball of mass 0.12 kg is dropped vertically onto a hard concrete floor from a height of 1.5 m. The ball then bounces up to some maximum height h. If the ball bounces up to a height h =1.0 m, what is the approximate average force of the floor on the ball?
2. Consider a reaction that involves the creation of two elementary particles as in Figure P7.56. One particle is a proton of mass mp, and the other has a mass of m2Â =mp/1800. If the proton leaves the reaction with a speed vp, what is the final speed of the other particle? Express your answer in terms of vp.
Figure P7.56
Consider three scenarios for a one-dimensional elastic collision with a stationary target. For each...
Consider three scenarios for a one-dimensional elastic collision with a stationary target. For each scenario, determine the final velocities of both the projectile mass, v1f, and the target mass, v2f , in terms the projectile’s initial velocity, v0. Assume the masses are sliding on a horizontal surface of negligible friction. Case (a): Both the projectile and target are bowling balls; m1 =m2 =7.25 kg. Case (b): The target is one of the bowling balls, but the projectile is a Styrofoam ball of the same diameter; m1 =140 g, m2 =7.25 kg. Case (c): Now make the Styrofoam ball the target and the bowling ball the projectile; m2 =140 g, m1 =7.25 kg. Compare parts (b) and (c) to the following extremes: (d) when the target is the Earth and the projectile is a tennis ball, and (e) when the target is a frozen pea and the projectile is a truck’s windshield.
It is dropped from a height of 1.8 m such that it goes under a table of height 70 cm. The ball...
Fun with a Super Ball. A Super Ball has a coefficient of restitution of a =0.90. This means that the y components of the ball’s velocity just before and after hitting the floor are related by vfy = -avif. It is dropped from a height of 1.8 m such that it goes under a table of height 70 cm. The ball bounces back and forth from the underside of the table and the ground (Fig. P7.62). How many total times will the ball bounce off the bottom of the table?
Figure P7.62
Crumple zones. A life-saving development in automobile manufacture is the invention of crumple...
Crumple zones. A life-saving development in automobile manufacture is the invention of crumple zones, areas of the body and frame of a car deliberately made to collapse in a collision (Fig.P7.64) such that the passenger compartment will not. Introduced in 1955 on the Heckflosse made by Mercedes, crumple zones became mandatory on all cars sold in the United States in 1967. For a head-on collision with a tree at 40 mi/h (about 18 m/s), find the ratio of the average force on a car with a stiff frame (stop time of 0.010 s) to that on a car with a crumple zone (stop time of 0.25 s).
Figure P7.64 Front crumple zone on a Volvo.
Consider the rod in Figure P9.22, but now assume it starts from rest in the “up” position (i.e.,...
Consider the rod in Figure P9.22, but now assume it starts from rest in the “up†position (i.e., pointing vertically upward from the hinge). If the rod is then given a very small push, what is the linear speed of the end of the rod when it reaches the bottom of its circular path?
Figure P9.22
A bullet of mass 15 g is fi red with an initial speed of 300 m/s into a wooden block that is...
A bullet of mass 15 g is fi red with an initial speed of 300 m/s into a wooden block that is initially at rest. The bullet becomes lodged in the block, and the two slide together on the floor for a distance of 1.5 m before coming to rest (Fig. P7.57). If the coefficient of friction between the block and the floor is 0.40, what is the mass of the block?
Figure P7.57
If the father is initially standing at the origin, how far from the origin will they meet?
1. A father (mFÂ =75 kg) and his daughter (mDÂ =35 kg) stand on a flat, frozen lake of negligible friction. They hold a 10-mlong rope stretched between them. The father and daughter then pull the rope to bring them together. If the father is initially standing at the origin, how far from the origin will they meet?
2. Twin brothers, each of mass 50 kg, sit in a symmetric canoe of mass 40 kg. Each boy sits 1.5 m away from the center of the canoe as they toss a basketball (mass =0.60 kg) back and forth. (a) How much does the center of the canoe move as the ball moves from one brother to the other? (b) How much would the canoe shift on each throw if instead they used a medicine ball of
mass 11 kg?
Consider a merry-go-round of mass m mgr and radius R mgr that is rotating freely as sketched in...
Angular Momentum on the Playground
Consider a merry-go-round of mass mmgr and radius Rmgr that is rotating freely as sketched in Figure 9.11. A child is eager to enjoy a ride, so she steps onto the edge of the merry-go-round. After she gets on, she notices that the angular velocity of the merry-go-round has decreased slightly. If the child’s mass is mc, what is the ratio of the final angular velocity to the initial angular velocity?
Figure 9.11 Example 9.4. A child steps onto a rotating merrygo- round.
When you walk across a carpeted floor while wearing socks on a dry day, your socks (and hence you)...
When you walk across a carpeted floor while wearing socks on a dry day, your socks (and hence you) become charged by rubbing with the carpet. When your finger approaches a metal doorknob, you notice that a spark jumps across the air gap between your finger and the doorknob. What is the approximate magnitude of the electric field between your finger and the doorknob just before the spark jumps? What is the potential difference between your finger and the doorknob?
You are on a hike in the woods with your CD player when a rather large bug of mass 5.0 g manages to...
1. Moment of Inertia of a Dirty CD
You are on a hike in the woods with your CD player when a rather large bug of mass 5.0 g manages to land on the edge of your favorite CD (mass 9.0 g and radius 6.0 cm). How does that affect the CD’s moment of inertia? (Ignore the hole in the center of the CD.)
2. Motion of a Frisbee
You and a friend are playing catch with a Frisbee (Fig. 8.29). Estimate the total angular displacement of the Frisbee as it travels from you to your friend. Assume the Frisbee’s angular velocity is constant.
Figure 8.29 Example 8.8. A Frisbee spins about its axis with an angular velocity that is approximately constant during the course of a “throw.” This rotational motion is independent of the Frisbee’s translational motion.
The Marianas Trench, a region at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, is believed to be the deepest spot...
Pressure in the Marianas Trench
The Marianas Trench, a region at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, is believed to be the deepest spot on the ocean floor. In 1960, a U.S. Navy submersible vehicle went to a spot in this trench that is 10,700 m below sea level. Suppose this submarine had a tiny window of area 1.0 cm2Â so that sailors could enjoy the view. Find the force on this window due to the water pressure.
This CD player is turned on at t =0 and very quickly starts to play music so that the CD has an...
This CD player is turned on at t =0 and very quickly starts to play music so that the CD has an angular velocity of 500 rpm just a few seconds after t =0. The CD then plays for 1 hour, during which time it has a constant angular acceleration and a final angular velocity of 200 rpm. Estimate the total distance traveled by a point on the edge of the CD. Assume the CD has a radius of 6.0 cm.
Example:
Angular Acceleration of a Compact Disc
A compact disc used to play music does not spin with a constant angular velocity. Instead, it spins most rapidly when music is being read from regions nearest the rotation axis (the inner “tracks” near the center of the disc) and slowest when music is played from regions near the edge of the disc (the outer “tracks”). If the angular velocity decreases uniformly from ω =500 rpm to 200 rpm as the CD is scanned from the innermost to the outermost track, what is the angular acceleration? Assume the CD contains 60 minutes of music.
An electron with an initial velocity of 3.1 ×10 6 m/s enters a parallel-plate capacitor at an angle...
An electron with an initial velocity of 3.1 ×106 m/s enters a parallel-plate capacitor at an angle of 40° through a small hole in the bottom plate as shown in Figure P17.87. (a) If the plates are separated by a distance d =2.4 cm, what minimum electric field must be present to prevent the electron from hitting the top plate? (b) Which plate has to have the positive charge? Assume there is a vacuum between the plates.
Figure P17.87
Use the right-hand rule to find the direction of the orbital angular momentum of the Earth as it...
Use the right-hand rule to find the direction of the orbital angular momentum of the Earth as it orbits the Sun as sketched in Figure 9.17.
Figure 9.17 The Earth’s spin angular momentum lies along a direction parallel to its north– south axis. The vector
is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5° away from the normal to the Earth’s orbital plane. The seasons indicated in the figure are those in the Northern hemisphere.
(a) Calculate the efficiency of a Carnot engine running between a low temperature of 27.0°C and a...
1. (a) Calculate the efficiency of a Carnot engine running between a low temperature of 27.0°C and a high temperature of 387°C. Determine the change in efficiency if you were to (b) raise the high temperature by 10.0°C or (c) lower the low temperature by 10.0°C. Which improves the efficiency more? Note: Consider three significant figures in your calculations for this problem.
2. One engine versus two. A Carnot engine produces 1000 J of work when running between reservoirs of 470°C and 100°C. (a) How much heat flows from the hot reservoir? Consider the efficiency. (b) Find the heat flow to the cold reservoir. (c) Consider a second engine that uses the heat flow out of the first engine as the hot reservoir and has a cold reservoir at room temperature, 20°C. How much work can the second engine produce? (d) Finally, consider a third engine that runs between the hot reservoir of the first engine and the cold reservoir of the second engine. Calculate the work done by this engine and compare it with the sum of the work of the first two engines.
A metal rod of length L = 3.0 m is free to rotate about a frictionless hinge at one end (Fig....
A metal rod of length L = 3.0 m is free to rotate about a frictionless hinge at one end (Fig. P9.22). The rod is initially at rest and oriented horizontally and then released so that it swings to the bottom. (a) What are all the forces acting on the rod? Which force or forces do work on the rod as it swings? (b) Is the mechanical energy of the rod conserved? (c) Make a sketch showing the rod in its initial orientation and when it is at the bottom of its swing. (d) What is the initial mechanical energy of the rod? Choose the zero of potential energy so that the final PE is zero. (e) If the speed of the end of the rod when it is at its lowest point is vf, what is the final mechanical energy of the rod? Express your answer in terms of vf. (f) Find vf.
Figure P9.22
A tree grows at an angle of 50° to the ground as shown in Figure Q8.5. If the tree is 25 m from its...
A tree grows at an angle of 50째 to the ground as shown in Figure Q8.5. If the tree is 25 m from its base to its top, and has a mass of 500 kg, what is the approximate magnitude of the torque on the tree due to the force of gravity? Take the base of the tree as the pivot point. (The answer is one reason trees need roots.)
Figure Q8.5
The drinking bird. A popular novelty bird toy consists of two semievacuated glass chambers (the head...
The drinking bird. A popular novelty bird toy consists of two semievacuated glass chambers (the head and the body), which are connected by a glass tube as shown in Figure P16.58 (left). The head is covered with an absorbent coating, and the bottom chamber is partially filled with a liquid that has a boiling point near room temperature. The bird goes through a cycle illustrated in Figure P16.58 (right). The bird starts with all the liquid in the bottom chamber and is suspended at an off-center pivot point so that it leans slightly forward. Next the fluid rises slowly up the tube, which is open at the bottom but submerged in the fluid. The fluid reaches the top chamber, and the bird tips forward. Finally, at full tilt, the bottom of the tube breaks the surface and the liquid pours back into the bottom chamber. The bird then returns to the upright position, and the cycle repeats. (a) Is work done by this cyclic process? Is the bird a heat engine? Describe. (b) The bird dips its head in the water during the cycle. Why is that important for the toy’s operation?
Figure P16.58
A suction cup works by virtue of a vacuum that is created within the cup. When the cup is pressed...
A suction cup works by virtue of a vacuum that is created within the cup. When the cup is pressed against a flat surface, most of the air is forced out, leaving a region of very low pressure. If a suction cup of area 1.0 cm2attached to a ceiling is able to support an object with a mass as large as 0.70 kg, what is the pressure inside the suction cup?
Consider the Problem “An electron with an initial velocity of 3.1 ×10 6 m/s enters a parallel-plate...
Consider the Problem “An electron with an initial velocity of 3.1 ×106 m/s enters a parallel-plate capacitor at an angle of 40° through a small hole in the bottom plate as shown in Figure P17.87.” Replacing the electron with a proton and reversing the direction of the electric field. Compare your answer with the results obtained with an electron.
Figure P17.87
A charge ±Q is placed on the plates of a capacitor. The separation between the plates is changed,...
A charge ÂąQ is placed on the plates of a capacitor. The separation between the plates is changed, and it is found that the voltage across the plates decreases. (a) Have the plates been moved closer together or farther apart? (b) If the new voltage is smaller than the original voltage by a factor of nine, what is the ratio of the new plate spacing to the original spacing?
An electron is traveling through a region between two metal plates in which there is a constant...
An electron is traveling through a region between two metal plates in which there is a constant electric field of magnitude E directed long the y direction as sketched in Figure P17.44. This region has a total length of L, and the electron has an initial velocity of v0Â Â long the x direction. (a) How long does it take the electron to travel the length of the plates? (b) What are the magnitude and direction of the electric force on the electron while it is between the plates? (c) What is the acceleration of the electron? (d) By what distance is the electron deflected (?y) when it leaves the plates? (e) What is the final velocity of the electron? (Give the magnitude and direction or give the components of the velocity along x and y.)
Figure P17.44
Experiments have shown that in good weather the Earth has, on average, a negative charge of...
Experiments have shown that in good weather the Earth has, on average, a negative charge of approximately 10-13Â C on every square centimeter of surface area. What is the approximate total excess charge on the entire Earth? How many electrons does that correspond to? For simplicity, assume that charge is spread evenly over the entire surface of the Earth, including the oceans.
Modern computer memories use parallel-plate capacitors to store information, and these capacitors...
Modern computer memories use parallel-plate capacitors to store information, and these capacitors are the basic elements of a random-access memory (RAM) chip. Assume one of these capacitors has plates with an area of L ×L, where L =1.0 μm (=1.0 ×10-6 m), and a plate separation of d =10 nm (=1.0 ×10-8 m). (a) Find
the capacitance of such a capacitor. (b) Calculate the amount of charge that must be placed onto the plates to obtain a potential difference of 5.0 V across the plates. (c) How many electrons does this charge correspond to? we analyzed a parallel-plate capacitor as might be found in an integrated circuit (RAM chip), but we omitted that such a capacitor would usually contain a dielectric between the plates. This dielectric is composed of SiO2and has a dielectric constant close to that of glass. What is the capacitance of the RAM capacitor when it is filled with SiO2?
Consider a hollow metal cylinder of radius 1.0 mm that has a thin wire of radius 0.50 mm running...
Consider a hollow metal cylinder of radius 1.0 mm that has a thin wire of radius 0.50 mm running down the center as sketched in Figure P18.46. This structure is a capacitor, with the wire acting as one “plate” and the cylinder acting as the other plate. Calculate the capacitance using the following steps. (a) Place charges Q on the wire and the cylinder and calculate the electric field between them. Assume the cylinder has a length L and assume L is very long. (b) Estimate qualitatively the electric potential difference between the wire and the cylinder, which can be done using a plot of the electric field as a function of radius. (c) Use the potential difference to find the capacitance C for L=_ 10 cm.
Figure P18.46
The Rankine scale. Named after William John Macquorn Rankine (a Scottish engineer and physicist who...
The Rankine scale. Named after William John Macquorn Rankine (a Scottish engineer and physicist who proposed it in 1859), the Rankine scale is similar to the Kelvin scale in that the zero point is placed at absolute zero, but the size of temperature differences are the same as that of the Fahrenheit scale (e.g., 1째F =1째R). (a) Determine the conversion formula to go from the Fahrenheit to the Rankine scale. (b) Find the formula to convert from Kelvin to Rankine. (c) What is the temperature of the freezing point of water on the Rankine scale? What is room temperature on this scale?
We saw that diffusion is a very slow process. Calculate the total distance (not the net displacement...
We saw that diffusion is a very slow process. Calculate the total distance (not the net displacement ?r) traveled by a diffusing molecule You are at work in a chemical laboratory when a dangerous gas accidentally begins to leak from a container. Approximately how long do you have to evacuate the room safely, assuming the gas travels by diffusion alone?
The temperature of a sample of dilute argon gas with n =7.5 moles decreases by 200 K. If 35,000 J of...
1. The temperature of a sample of dilute argon gas with n =7.5 moles decreases by 200 K. If 35,000 J of heat are extracted from the gas, what is the work done by the gas on its surroundings?
2. One gallon of gasoline releases approximately 1.2 ×108 J when it is “burned” (i.e., undergoes combustion) in a car engine. If the engine releases 4.0 ×107 J of heat during this time, what is the mechanical work done by the engine?
Describe at least three ways in which Coulomb’s law is similar to Newton’s law of gravitation....
1. Describe at least three ways in which Coulomb’s law is similar to Newton’s law of gravitation. Discuss at least two ways in which the two laws are different.
2. A charge is placed inside a partially inflated balloon. If the balloon is then further inflated to a larger volume and the associated surface area increases, does the electric flux though the balloon’s surface change? Why or why not?
3. The electron was not discovered until well after the laws of electricity were determined. Protons were discovered even later, so scientists such as Coulomb and Gauss did not know that electric charge is quantized. How do you think that affected their way of thinking about electric phenomena?
4. An ion is released from rest in a region in which the electric field is nonzero. If the ion moves in a direction antiparallel (opposite) to the direction of the electric field, is the ion positively charged or negatively charged?
The human nose is very sensitive to certain molecules. For example, it can sense the presence of the...
The human nose is very sensitive to certain molecules. For example, it can sense the presence of the chemical CH3SH (methyl mercaptan) to 2 parts per billion. Another especially smelly substance is ammonia, NH3. A student in a lab with very still air has two vials placed 20 cm from his nose; one contains methyl mercaptan, the other ammonia. He begins his experiment and removes the caps from both vials, and after 30 minutes, he notices the smell of ammonia. How soon after does his nose detect the methyl mercaptan? Is diffusion a good model for how fast odors travel?
A pot of very cold water (0°C) is placed on a stove with the burner adjusted for maximum heat. It is...
1. A pot of very cold water (0째C) is placed on a stove with the burner adjusted for maximum heat. It is found that the water just begins to boil after 2.0 min. How much longer will it take the water to completely boil away?
2. An aluminum block slides along a horizontal surface. The block has an initial speed of 10 m/s and an initial temperature of 10째C. The block eventually slides to rest due to friction. Assuming all the initial kinetic energy is converted to heat energy and all this energy stays in the block, what is the final temperature of the block?
An incandescent lightbulb contains a fi lament that has a certain electrical resistance R. The...
An incandescent lightbulb contains a fi lament that has a certain electrical resistance R. The brightness of the bulb depends on the current and increases as the current through the fi lament is increased. Consider the following situations in Figure Q19.9 on the next page.
(a) Two identical lightbulbs are connected as shown to a single ideal battery as in circuit 2. Will the brightness of one of these bulbs be greater than, less than, or the same as the brightness of the bulb in circuit 1?
(b) Repeat part (a) for the bulbs in circuits 3, 4, and 5, comparing their brightness to that of the bulb in circuit 1. Explain your answers.
Figure Q19.9
When the author built his current house, he ran wires in the walls to be used for stereo speakers....
When the author built his current house, he ran wires in the walls to be used for stereo speakers. He ran wires from several different rooms to a central location, but he forgot to mark the wires so he could tell which wires emerge in which room. Explain how he was able to solve this problem and identify which wire is which.
As a treatment for chronic back pain, a medical patient may be fitted with a device that passes a...
As a treatment for chronic back pain, a medical patient may be fitted with a device that passes a small electrical current (10 mA) through the muscles in the lower back as shown in Figure P19.2. If the current is supplied in short pulses 0.50 s in length, how many electrons pass through the muscles during one pulse?
Figure P19.2
Car batteries are typically rated in ampere-hours, or A · h. (a) Show that ampere-hours are actually...
Car batteries are typically rated in ampere-hours, or A 路 h. (a) Show that ampere-hours are actually a unit of charge and determine the conversion from ampere-hours to coulombs. (b) If a 100 A 路 h battery can deliver a steady current of 5.0 A until it is completely depleted, what is the total time the battery can deliver current without being recharged? (c) How much total charge will the battery deliver in this time?
Lithium-iodine batteries are particularly useful in situations in which small amounts of current are...
Lithium-iodine batteries are particularly useful in situations in which small amounts of current are required over a long period of time. One such application is in a cardiac pacemaker (Fig.P19.7), where changing a battery requires a patient to undergo an operation. Typical pacemakers require 0.50 碌A of continuous current. If a lithium-ion battery is capable of supplying 0.50 A 路 h of charge, what is the lifetime of the battery? Does this lifetime seem sufficiently long?
Figure P19.7 View of a cardiac pacemaker, both inside and outside a patient.
There will be a nonzero current in the circuit in Figure Q19.23. This current will carry electrons...
There will be a nonzero current in the circuit in Figure Q19.23. This current will carry electrons from one end of the resistor through the wire at the top to the positive terminal of the battery. We know that electrons always move from a region of low electric potential to a region of higher potential. We also know that an ideal wire has zero resistance, so there can be no potential drop across an ideal wire. Explain how to reconcile these two facts.
Figure Q19.23
Gravitational red shift. An important consequence of Einstein’s general relativity is that gravity...
Gravitational red shift. An important consequence of Einstein’s general relativity is that gravity must affect a light wave’s frequency and wavelength. As light moves upward from the Earth’s surface, the wavelength of the light gets longer and the frequency gets lower as gravity “drains” the light of some energy. In a famous experiment in 1960, Robert Pound and Glen Rebka of Harvard University successfully tested this effect to within 10% of the predicted value. Later, in 1964, they improved the agreement to within 1%. The experimental procedure involved placing a detector 22.6 m above a radioactive source placed on the ground. Quantized “particles” of light called photons (see Chapter 28) are given off by the source with an energy of 14.4 keV. Using a highly sensitive technique called the Mossbauer effect, they were able to measure a small shift in the energies of the photons as they moved upward through the Earth’s gravitational field. Although photons are massless, we can treat their energy as rest energy and find a corresponding “effective mass” for the photons. Using this approach, determine the shift in the photons’ energy as they move the 22.6 m up to the detector. This shift is called a gravitational red shift because it results in a shift toward a lower frequency and longer wavelength.
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Newport News, Virginia, is host to a continuous...
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Newport News, Virginia, is host to a continuous electron beam. Within the facility, electrons travel around a 7/8 -mi-long tunnel five times in 23.5 millionths of a second. (Actually, the facility is capable of producing even higher speeds.) (a) What is the speed of the electrons? (b) Determine the length around the tunnel as measured in the reference frame of the electrons. (c) Determine the time it takes for the electrons to complete one lap around the tunnel in the reference frame of the electrons. (d) What are the momentum and kinetic energy of the electrons?
Visual acuity. Optometrists quantify the resolution of a patient’s vision using a concept called...
Visual acuity. Optometrists quantify the resolution of a patient’s vision using a concept called visual acuity, which is calculated as the inverse of the angular resolution of the eye measured in arc minutes (where 60 arc minutes =1°) under standard illumination. (a) What is the visual acuity of a patient who can resolve two periods separated by 1.0 mm at a distance of 35 cm from the page? (b) Another patient has a visual acuity of 0.25. Calculate the farthest distance from which she could read 12-point lettering. Assume a needed resolution of one point to be able to discern letter shapes. (In 12-point type, a period has a diameter of about 0.35 mm.)
One consequence of general relativity is that a clock in a gravitational field runs slower. This...
One consequence of general relativity is that a clock in a gravitational field runs slower. This time dilation is distinct from the time dilation from relative motion (special relativity) and is given by ?t = where ?t is the dilated time, ?t0 is the time when no gravitational field is present, G is the universal gravitational constant, M is the mass of the object producing the gravitational field, R is the distance from the center of the mass, and c is the speed of light. In 1976, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory sent aloft a Scout rocket to a height of 10,000 km to confirm this effect. Show that at this height a clock should run faster than an identical clock on the Earth by a factor of 4.5 ×10-10.
Consider a proton moving at relativistic speed. (a) Determine the proton’s rest energy in electron...
Consider a proton moving at relativistic speed. (a) Determine the proton’s rest energy in electron volts (1 eV =1.60 x 10-19 J). (b) Suppose the total energy of the proton is three times its rest energy. With what speed is the proton moving? (c) At this speed, determine the kinetic energy of the proton in electron volts. (d) What is the magnitude of the proton’s momentum?
The space shuttle has a length of 37 m. (a) In its normal orbital motion around the Earth, the...
The space shuttle has a length of 37 m. (a) In its normal orbital motion around the Earth, the shuttle has a speed of about 8000 m/s and an orbital period of about 90 minutes. Allowing for length contraction, what is the length of the shuttle as viewed by an observer at rest on the ground? (b) Suppose the shuttle increases its speed so that it has a length of 25 m when viewed by a stationary observer. How long would it take to complete one orbit?
Suppose a rocket ship leaves the Earth in the year 2020. One of a set of twins born in 2000 remains...
Suppose a rocket ship leaves the Earth in the year 2020. One of a set of twins born in 2000 remains on the Earth while the other rides in the rocket. The rocket ship travels at 0.90c in a straight line path for 10 years as measured by its own clock, turns around, and travels straight back at 0.90c for another 10 years as measured by its own clock before landing back on the Earth. (a) What year is it on the Earth? (b) How old is each twin? (c) How far away from the Earth did the rocket ship travel as measured by each twin?
Falling light. According to general relativity and the equivalence principle, light is bent by...
Falling light. According to general relativity and the equivalence principle, light is bent by gravity. Suppose you stand two tall, perfectly reflecting mirrors exactly 1 m apart and facing each other. A beam of light is directed horizontally through a hole in one of the mirrors 10 m above the ground. (a) Determine the time it takes for the light to strike the ground. (b) The light will undergo N reflections (i.e., N/2 reflections from each mirror) before it strikes the ground. Find N.
A person is nearsighted and can clearly focus on objects that are no farther than 3.0 m away from...
A person is nearsighted and can clearly focus on objects that are no farther than 3.0 m away from her eyes. She borrows a friend’s glasses and finds that she can now focus on objects as far away as 4.5 m. What is the focal length of the glasses? Do they use converging lenses or diverging lenses? Assume the glasses are placed 2.0 cm in front of her eyes.
As we’ll discuss in Chapter 30, radioactive decay involves the nucleus of an atom decaying by...
As we’ll discuss in Chapter 30, radioactive decay involves the nucleus of an atom decaying by emitting either a particle or energy or both. The 216Po nucleus decays to 212Pb by emitting an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus, 4He. Using the mass data given in Appendix A, find (a) the mass change in this decay and (b) the energy that this mass represents. (c) Given that no other particles or energy are emitted in this process, where must the energy go?
The author is nearsighted and (at present) is unable to focus clearly on objects that are farther...
The author is nearsighted and (at present) is unable to focus clearly on objects that are farther than about 2.0 m from his eyes. (a) What type of lens (converging or diverging) should his eyeglasses contain so that he can focus on more distant objects? (b) What should be the focal length of his eyeglass lenses so that he can focus on a very distant object? Assume the glasses are placed 2.0 cm in front of the eyes. (c) What is the refractive power of the lenses in part (b) in units of diopters?
An electron microscope uses electrons instead of light to form images. There are two general types...
An electron microscope uses electrons instead of light to form images. There are two general types of electron microscopes. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) forms an image of the surface of an object by reflecting electrons from it. (a) If the electron energy is 100 keV, what is the wavelength? (b) Based on our discussion of light microscopes in Chapter 26, what resolution do you expect to achieve with this SEM? That is, what is the approximate size of the smallest object that you expect to resolve?
Resolution of the eye. The angular resolution of the eye is determined by two factors, diffraction...
Resolution of the eye. The angular resolution of the eye is determined by two factors, diffraction (the Rayleigh criterion) and the density of photoreceptor cells within the retina. Here we investigate which one is more important in limiting resolution. The center circular area of the retina, roughly 0.3 mm in diameter, is called the fovea centralis and is the most sensitive part. The fovea has photoreceptor cells spaced about 1 ¾m apart center to center, compared with a spacing of 3 ¾m outside this region. The diagrams in Figure P25.61 illustrate how the angular resolution is limited by receptor density. Notice that for two objects to be resolved there must be an unstimulated cell between the image of the objects on the retina. In the upper diagram of Figure P25.61, the objects A and B are seen as one; in the lower diagram, there is an unstimulated receptor between, so the objects are seen as two distinct objects. The distance from the lens to the retina is about 16 mm. (a) What is the angular resolution of the eye due to the spacing of the photoreceptors in the fovea? (b) Under bright light conditions, the pupil is about 2.0 mm in diameter. What is the angular resolution of an eye for blue light (450 nm) for a pupil of this diameter? Assume n(eye) =1.3. (c) What is the resolution for blue light under dim light conditions where the pupil’s diameter is 6.0 mm? (d) Do bright light conditions lead to better resolution? Why or why not? (e) At what pupil size is the angular resolution due to diffraction less than that due to receptor spacing?
Figure P25.61 Resolution of two objects and receptor cell density.
If a laser is directed at a thin wire or hair, a diffraction pattern will occur similar to that...
If a laser is directed at a thin wire or hair, a diffraction pattern will occur similar to that produced by a slit of the same width. If the distance from the thin object to the screen on which the diffraction pattern is cast is known, a measurement of the spacing between peaks in the diffraction pattern can be used to determine the object’s width. This method is used in the wire-making industry to monitor the production of wire with a uniform width. A hair is placed a distance L =1.2 m away from a screen as shown in Figure P25.57A and illuminated with a green 532-nm laser pointer. The resulting diffraction pattern is shown in Figure P25.57B, where the distance to the first dark fringe is d =1.4 cm. What is the diameter of the hair?
 Figure P25.57
An astronomical interferometer is an apparatus that combines a number of telescopes into a much...
An astronomical interferometer is an apparatus that combines a number of telescopes into a much larger equivalent light-gathering instrument. The very first extra solar planet to be discovered was imaged in 2005 (Fig. P25.59) with the interferometer in the mountains of northern Chile known as the Very Large Telescope (VLT) project, which consists of four separate optical telescopes each 8.3 m in diameter. The interferometer operates with infrared wavelengths (1.4 Âľm), which are much less affected by atmospheric turbulence than other wavelengths. (a) The star system with the extra solar planet was found to be at a distance of 200 light-years, and the planet orbits the star at a distant of 55 astronomical units (55 times the distance between the Earth and the Sun). What is the angular separation of the planet and star? Give your answer in units of arc seconds. (b) The interferometer has an angular resolution of 0.0020 arc second. What is its effective aperture? That is, a telescope of what diameter would have such resolution?
Figure P25.59 The first optical image of an extra solar planet found in April 2005 with the ESO’s Very Large Telescope Array in the mountains of northern Chile. This star is the brown dwarf 2M1207.
Two converging lenses with f 1 =25 cm and f 2 =35 cm are located 1.50 m apart as shown in Figure...
Two converging lenses with f1 =25 cm and f2 =35 cm are located 1.50 m apart as shown in Figure P24.66. An object is placed 50 cm in front of the lens on the left. (a) Construct a ray diagram following the steps outlined in the procedures for “Ray Tracing Applied to Lenses.” Find the location and size of the image produced by the first lens. (b) Construct a ray diagram for the second lens, using the image from part (a) as the object. Where is the image produced by the second lens? How big is it?
Figure P24.66
An oil tanker has collided with a smaller vessel, resulting in an oil spill in a large, calm-water...
An oil tanker has collided with a smaller vessel, resulting in an oil spill in a large, calm-water bay of the ocean. You are investigating the environmental effects of the accident and need to know the area of the spill. The tanker captain informs you that 20,000 liters of oil have escaped and that the oil has an index of refraction of n =1.1. From the deck of your ship, you note that in the sunlight the oil slick appears to be blue. A spectroscope confirms that the dominant wavelength from the surface of the spill is 420 nm. Assuming a uniform thickness, what is the total area of the oil slick?
Consider a Michelson interferometer operated with light from a sodium lamp with λ Na =589 nm.
Consider a Michelson interferometer operated with light from a sodium lamp with 位Na
Consider again the interfering radio waves in Problem , but now assume the amplitude of the...
Consider again the interfering radio waves in Problem , but now assume the amplitude of the reflected wave is exactly half the amplitude of the wave that arrives directly. If the amplitude of the direct wave is A, what is the intensity at the receiver when there is (a) constructive interference or (b) destructive interference?
Problem:
Waves from a radio station have a wavelength of 250 m. These waves can travel directly from the antenna to a receiver or can reflect from a nearby mountain cliff and then reach the receiver (Fig. P25.7). If the distance from the receiver to the cliff is L =1000 m, is there constructive or destructive interference at the receiver? Assume there is no phase change when the radio wave reflects from the cliff.
Completed in 1895, the Yerkes telescope operated by the University of Chicago remains the biggest...
Completed in 1895, the Yerkes telescope operated by the University of Chicago remains the biggest (largest-diameter) refracting telescope ever built. Figure P26.55 shows a photograph of the telescope taken in 1921, when it was the most important astronomical instrument in the world. The refractor has an f-number of 19 and an objective lens that measures 1.02 m across. What are the focal length and approximate length of this telescope? Do your calculations agree with an estimate made from the photograph?
Figure P26.55 Albert Einstein and observatory staff stand in front of the Yerkes 40-in. refracting telescope in 1921.
An omnidirectional speaker that emits sound with a wavelength λ is positioned between two vertical...
An omnidirectional speaker that emits sound with a wavelength 位 is positioned between two vertical walls spaced 2.00 m apart as shown in Figure P25.9. A listener approaches as shown and finds that there is constructive interference of the waves that reflect from the two walls when he is a distance L =5.00 m from the speaker. Find the longest possible wavelength.
Figure P25.9
A digital camera has an 8.3-megapixel CCD array with the pixels evenly spaced over a rectangular...
A digital camera has an 8.3-megapixel CCD array with the pixels evenly spaced over a rectangular region, 7.2 mm Ă—5.3 mm. The camera has a lens 2.0 cm in diameter with a focal length of 3.5 cm. (a) What is the resolution limit due to pixel size? (b) What is the approximate resolution limit due to aperture size? (c) If an object 1.5 m high is 200 m away, how many pixels high will the image be? (d) What is the maximum distance from the camera that this page could be photographed in order to read this paragraph from the digital photo? (e) In a movie theater, the screen is 4.0 m wide and 2.2 m tall. How far back from the screen would one have to sit to capture an image of the whole screen with this camera?
Consider a Michelson interferometer that uses a sodium lamp as its source. A sodium lamp gives a...
Consider a Michelson interferometer that uses a sodium lamp as its source. A sodium lamp gives a large intensity at two wavelengths, 589.00 nm and 589.59 nm, in the yellow range of the visible spectrum. The mirrors are adjusted so that there is constructive interference with the Nth bright fringe for one of these wavelengths and the (N +1)st bright fringe for the other wavelength. Find N. Be careful with significant figures in your calculation, and give your answer for N to two significant figures.
Both arms of a Michelson interferometer are enclosed in pipes so that the air can be removed from...
Both arms of a Michelson interferometer are enclosed in pipes so that the air can be removed from the regions between the mirrors and the beam splitter. There is initially a vacuum in both regions, and the mirrors are the same distance from the beam splitter. Air is then let into one of the pipes, and light that travels to and from one mirror now propagates in air while the other part of the interferometer is still in a vacuum. If the interference pattern shifts to the 4000th bright fringe when the air is added, what is the distance from a mirror to the beam splitter? Assume 位 =600 nm.
Two plane mirrors meet at a right angle (Fig. P24.3). An incident ray strikes the bottom mirror at...
Two plane mirrors meet at a right angle (Fig. P24.3). An incident ray strikes the bottom mirror at point B with an angle of incidence θi; this ray reflects from each mirror and strikes the screen on top at point A. (The screen is parallel to the bottom mirror.) Given the dimensions in Figure P24.3, what is θi?
Figure P24.3
The light ray in Figure P24.2 emanates from a point on one wall of a room and is incident on a plane...
The light ray in Figure P24.2 emanates from a point on one wall of a room and is incident on a plane mirror that lies flat on the opposite wall. The reflected ray strikes the left hand wall at point A, which is a distance h =1.4 m below the light source. What is the
angle of incidence θi?
Figure P24.2
Camera obscura. Prior to the development of the photographic camera, artists would use a camera...
Camera obscura. Prior to the development of the photographic camera, artists would use a camera obscura like the one shown in Figure P24.101 to draw the image of a subject. In this figure, light from a subject passes through a small hole or lens in the box, is reflected from a plane mirror, and is projected onto a translucent sheet of paper. The artist would then trace the image on the paper. Room-sized camera obscura s were also used. Suppose the distance from the pinhole to the mirror is 1.0 m and the mirror-to-screen distance is 50 cm. (a) How far away should a 1.5-m-tall subject stand so that she fills a 25-cm-square screen? (b) Describe how adjusting the size of the pinhole will affect the clarity and brightness of projected image.
Figure P24.101